The Second Earth Trojan 2020 XL₅

Digital Earth 2020: towards the vision for the next decade

Digital Earth 2020: towards the vision for the next decade Max Craglia a , Kees de Bie b , Davina Jackson c , Martino Pesaresi a , Gábor Remetey-Fülöpp d , Changlin Wang e , Alessandro Annoni a , Ling Bian f , Fred Campbell g , Manfred Ehlers h , John van Genderen b , Michael Goodchild i , Huadong Guo e , Anthony Lewis j , Richard Simpson k , Andrew Skidmore b & Peter Woodgate l a European Comm...

Herding, Second Preimage and Trojan Message Attacks beyond Merkle-Damgård

In this paper we present new attack techniques to analyze the structure of hash functions that are not based on the classical Merkle­ Damg̊ard construction. We extend the herding attack to concatenated hashes, and to certain hash functions that process each message block several times. Using this technique, we show a second preimage attack on the folklore “hash-twice” construction which process ...

The Trojan exosome hypothesis.

We propose that retroviruses exploit a cell-encoded pathway of intercellular vesicle traffic, exosome exchange, for both the biogenesis of retroviral particles and a low-efficiency but mechanistically important mode of infection. This Trojan exosome hypothesis reconciles current paradigms of retrovirus-directed transmission with the unique lipid composition of retroviral particles, the host cel...

Stability of the Trojan asteroids

The Trojan Chicken Study, Minnesota

We conducted a study in the summer of 2004 at county fairs in the Midwest to investigate the role poultry exhibits have in spreading avian pathogens to humans. A nearly invisible powder (pathogen surrogate) that fluoresces under UV light was surreptitiously sprinkled each day on 1 show bird at each of 2 fairs. A UV light box was used to daily examine the hands of 94 poultry-exhibit participants...